Zaretta Hammond, The Diversity Kit: An Introductory Resource for Social Change in Education Schools say they are doing different types of inquiry-based or project-based learning, but too often it's just a series of one-off activities for struggling students to do something "fun," but not cognitively interesting. Many of these conversations dont happen because adults make statements like Well, I dont see color. That in itself is an issue. Thanks for the heads up! document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Too often teachers think culturally responsive instructional strategies have to mention race. No one at my school or in my district has been able to explain it as well as Zaretta did in this podcast. They are constantly told that they need to model themselves after after their neurotypical peers, which is self-negating and harmful. When I read it, I realized that true culturally responsive teaching isnt as simple as I thought it was; its much more holistic. The goal is to get students to turn inert information intousable knowledge. Martin Luther King Jr Day is right around the corner. I will like to read your other books. Can you elaborate on that concept, and share some actions teachers can take to change? The part that resonates from your interview is when you said, we are in a majority minority school,in reference to public education system in the United States. The information presented here is very valuable. The protocol is simple. At the end of the day, this type of teaching is just best practise. Then, they are asked to focus on interpreting the action. What traditional foods does your family eat? I think many are working with this misunderstanding of what Culturally Responsive Teaching is and looks like. Its just not the starting point. This is so great to hear, Gerri! New York, NY: Teachers College Press, Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students, The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African American. Misconception 2: Culturally responsive teaching must start with addressing implicit bias. Multiculturalism plays into the notion of color blindness as being the route to equity. There is no additional charge to you! Too often we miss them. 2023 Editorial Projects in Education, Inc. Almost all come from low-income households. Interpretation of certain behaviors as disrespectful, offensive or hostile. I appreciate your work. by Zaretta Hammond | Nov 6, 2017 It was mid-morning and I had just finished presenting the idea of cultural archetypes to a room full of middle school teachers. Whereas when you understand inequity by design, you can actually talk about instruction but also come back to talk about microaggressions. "An essential, compelling, and practical examination of the relationship between culture and cognition that will forever transform how we think about our role facilitating the learning of other peoples childrenand our own children! Still with no judgment. Recently I was working with a teacher who was starting a decimal unit. Focusing on three main points - cultural differences, educating the human spirit, and the importance of . Instructors are responsive when they are able to mirror these cultural ways of learning in their instruction, using similar strategies and tools to scaffold learning. There is so much more I could say, but I will stop here. One of the takeaways from the book was the tree analogy. Including cosmology, guiding ethics, spirituality, health, and theories of group harmony. Regardless of where you are in your own understanding of this subject, taking a closer look at these four misconceptions should help you refine it a bit more. In this EdWeek blog, an experiment in knowledge-gathering, Ferlazzo will address readers questions on classroom management, ELL instruction, lesson planning, and other issues facing teachers. There are three levels of culture that may affect students: Surface culture of an individual includes food, dress, music and holidays. They include the attitudes towards elders, concepts of time, personal space, rules about eye contact and etc. The culture gap between students and their teachers contribute to achievement gaps. We first need to reflect on what is happening in your classroom. The focus isnt on motivation but on improving their brainpower and information processing skills. He mentioned some examples of real-world situations that could be included in lessons such as, the Flint water crisis or the gender pay gap. Deep cultural values lie here and are put into action. -Tina. A visual representation of this definition is Zaretta Hammond's Culture Tree. Surface culture is observable and concrete elements of culture such as food, dress, music, and holidays. Many diversity trainings and other efforts to build teachers' cultural competence start by having teachers examine their own implicit biases. Test yourself For Hidden Bias. They might mask that fear by claiming they are colorblind. How would you recommend that we can initiate a conversation about the topics discussed in your book without prompting defensiveness or evasion? Heres what the schools are finding that do surveys: After a few years of this kind of work, their positive climate has gone up, satisfaction surveys among adults as well as kids are really high, but the achievement doesnt move., This is not to suggest that relationship building should be tossed out. She is regularly invited to present at regional and national conferences. The idea that is more than just learning about foods and tradition is an important concept. To me thats essentially what youre saying. That's not what culturally responsive teaching is. However, Latino, African, Pacific Islander, and Native Americans have a more communal view. Ladson-Billings, G. (2009). This is implicit bias in action. Listen to my interview with Zaretta Hammond (transcript): Sponsored by Raymond Geddes and Kids Discover. Its really important to not begin this journey alone; do it in community, with other teachers. Teachers need to interrogate their practice a little more robustly, because its not an off-the-shelf program, its not two or three strategies. In the section on Misconception #4, the post does caution that culturally responsive teaching is more complex than choosing the right strategies. I find they dont have adequate vocabulary. We all learn differently no matter our ethnicity. I truly appreciate you for all the work you do. Retrieved from: https://educationcouncil.org.nz/content/registered-teacher-criteria-1. A lot of school leaders and instructional coaches are trying to figure out how to help teachers interrupt implicit bias, but they usually dont have a process to help teachers see how their negative interpretation of a students behavior contributes to watering down the curriculum for that student or disproportionately disciplining students of color. This was a passion project for us because we both came through the foster care system. A key point I share with educators when we review the chart together is that multicultural education doesnt address efforts to improve instruction or accelerate learning. Make a poster showing your ethnic background. Again, while this kind of teaching is necessary and important, its not the same as culturally responsive teaching, which focuses on learning capacity. But I get it, the farmer word problems are in our textbooks and thats what we are directed to teach. Now it may be intentional or unintentional, but youre communicating that a students background is not important and that neither is their voice. That is why its important to modify our instruction to meet these needs for culturally relevant teaching. It was so informative, my wheels were spinning, I wanted more ASAP. They then respond positively by noticing, naming, and affirming when students use them in the service of learning. I would argue that it is the most significant part. That does not excuse you from doing this work because you do not have minorities in your classroom. (Adapted fromZarettaHammonds, Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students.). Its a one-page PDF version of the takeaways to share with your colleagues here. Doing call and response at the beginning of a lesson to get kids excited isnt culturally responsive teaching. Zaretta Hammond reminds us that everyone, regardless of race or ethnicity, has a culture that serves as the "software to our brain's hardware" (Hammond, 2015, p. 22). I'm hopeful about the discussions I'm seeing around reimagining schools through more engaged teaching and learning. Motivation is only a small part of it. That is one of my major goals - to build communities of practice around culturally responsive teaching so that we can point to classrooms that help culturally and linguistically diverse students leverage their cultural learning tools and accelerate their own learning. Toggle nav . In order to remedy this, instructors must use what students already know in order to build upon their already existing funds of knowledge and encourage future learning. But true culturally responsive teaching is more complex than that. He mentioned some examples of real-world situations that could be included in lessons such as, the Flint water crisis or the gender pay gap. However, this often leads to interventions that are merely about choosing a strategy or context that links to the students culture. Larry Ferlazzo is an English and social studies teacher at Luther Burbank High School in Sacramento, Calif. The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African AmericanChildren. And Im not talking about patterns of stereotypes. I found this article extremely interesting and I have put Zarettas book on my summer reading list. Table of Contents and Front Matter. by Zaretta Hammond. It takes time to master but teachers can put core practices into place now. Visible learning for teachers: Maximizing impact on learning. To be clear Black History Month should be Black History 365. Contact Us. We see it in talk about high-dose tutoring and more pull-out programs focused on remediation. Culturally Responsive Teaching and Universal Design for Learning are very similar in that both focus on the multiple ways students learn. As an educator, make it a point to understand the three levels of culture. Culturally Responsive Teaching: Theory, Research, and Practice (2nd ed.). Create an environment that is intellectually and socially safe for learning Make space for student voice and agency Build classroom culture and learning around communal (sociocultural) talk and task structures Use classroom rituals and routines to support a culture of learning Use principles of restorative justice to manage conicts and redirect negative behavior Include a map of the country or countries your relatives come from. Its really a challenge to try to say, This is it in a nutshell,' she says. Actually, it was that book which sparked my interest and got me into this. [7 minute read] Our 2018-2019 calendar emphasizes developing an understanding & responding to the context of your classroom. Remember, culture is how we make sense of the world. A bold, brain-based teaching approach to culturally responsive instruction, The achievement gap remains a stubborn problem for educators of culturally and linguistically diverse students. It is the on-ramp to the kind of cognitive high-level problem-solving and higher-order thinking we want students to do. Look at patterns such as the community. Unfortunately, there isnt really time for much relationship building. Hey Cina, I think you are on the right track! Id like to use that quote in a paper, and wanted to make sure I cite it correctly. Hope this helps! In the book I have a chapter on justice and character and I think this would make a great addition. How do I teach, for example, in a culturally responsive way, that an atom consists of a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons? I have to teach. While CRT focuses on creating learning environments that target the cultural learning styles of diverse students, UDL does essentially the same thing through attempting to provide learners with a variety of access points into their learning. She has a passion for books and teaching reading. Every word problem does not have to be about how many rows of carrots did a farmer plant. LF: You talk about the learned helplessness affecting some students of color that educators can teach and reinforce. brain's natural learning systems Use formative assessments and feedback to increase intellective capacity Know and own your cultural lens Understand the three levels of culture Recognize cultural archetypes of individualism and collectivism Understand how the brain learns Acknowledge the socio-political context around race . Interpretation of certain behaviors as disrespectful, offensive or hostile. We tend to learn kinesthetically, visually, auditorially or orally. One of the most important aspects of culturally responsive teaching is expanding low performing students ability to process information effectively through cognitive routines. Intense emotional charge. That speaks to this larger idea of building on students' curiosity, bringing in those multi-modal elements to the intellectual life of the classroom, so students start to see learning as not just the purview of school but also of life. Its interdependency. If teachers understand what motivates students who come from collectivist cultures, they will be able to reach these students more effectively. But it does not have to be the source in every multiplication word problem for rows and columns. Meaning they make a group a priority over each individual in it. By continuing to use this site, you are accepting the use of these cookies. Its endgame is more cognitive than affective. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. This content is provided by our sponsor. Unfortunately, I was unable to attend. One couldnt function in a classroom successfully, attending 5 schools in 7 years, then dropped out of high school. Shallow culture includes social norms, eye contact, personal space and nonverbal communication. Think sleep away summer camp some kids go to the same camp every summer and are able to pick up relationships, connections where they left off the previous summer because theres a ritual that triggers their positive memories. Why not include these in our math lessons? First, at the top of the pyramid are artifacts. Im not saying that students should never be exposed to what a farmer is or does. She is the author of the 2015 book Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain, which offers a neuroscience-based teaching framework that goes beyond surface changes to really build cognitive capacity in our students from diverse backgrounds. Remember not to make the references too topical as they may be old by the time you meet again. So what youre doing to actually reach your lowest performing students is going to be good for your highest performing students. To get a closer look at the kinds of shifts that make a big difference, these three tips for making lessons more culturally responsive can start you in the right direction. Really interesting read, thank you! We scaffold out the curiosity and complexity, which is actually what ignites their brain. Thanks so much for sharing Ill make sure Jenn see this!!! Shallow Culture Remember, the curiosity we're trying to spark comes in the wondering, in the process of trying to figure something out, in the complexity of seeing connections between things that don't seem like they go together. Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain, Learn more about social justice resources here, how to use call-and-response to deepen student thinking, tips for making lessons more culturally responsive, Culturally Responsive Teaching & the Brain, The Diversity Kit: An Introductory Resource for Social Change in Education, Four Ways Teachers Can Support Students of Color, What We Can All Learn from a Montessori Classroom, How Dialogue Journals Build Teacher-Student Relationships, 13 Stunning Places to Publish Student Art and Writing, http://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/4671, https://educationcouncil.org.nz/content/registered-teacher-criteria-1, Four Tools for Interrupting Implicit Bias, 3 Tips to Make Any Lesson More Culturally Responsive. Our students need us now more than ever, and we have to roll up our sleeves and do what we must to close the achievement gap. Sorry my friends, thats not how it works. I understand your situation given that you only see students 2-3 times per year. oryzae (Xoo). As a math teacher, I can see myself becoming a more culturally responsive teacher because it will improve instruction and accelerate learning. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. The term culturally responsive teaching has been around for decades, but it seems to have gotten more attention in recent years. Governs how we learn new information. Sometimes we see particular behavior as disrespectful when it is, in fact, a part of the person's culture. I am still unsure if I actually understand what culturally responsive teaching is. (2016). Im not saying that students should never be exposed to what a farmer is or does. One recommendation is to bring in the tech tools that some kids were using in remote learning. Ive been doing equity-focused professional development and school support for over 18 years and I wrote the book in order to get dispel the urban myths and misconceptions about what culturally responsive teaching. Deep culture is like the root system of a tree. (Hammond, 2018) Finally, deep culture is exactly what it sounds like, its deep! To learn more about the differences between these three approaches, download Hammonds Distinctions of Equity chart. Hope that helps. In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. For example, when diverse students come from oral traditions, the most common cultural tools for processing information utilize the brains memory systems music, repetition, metaphor, recitation, physical manipulation of content, and story. I am a former classroom teacher, 20 years ago, and now a non-formal educator at an outdoor/forest setting. This culture level is how we interpret the world, good or bad, how we relate to one another, and most relevant to educators, how we learn. The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships. If you have children, how have your values and beliefs changed? Train yourself to recognize the cultural learning tools students bring to school. Ttaiako illustrates the competencies that teachers of Mori learners need and again iterates the importance of teachers relationships with their whnau and iwi. For students who have been marginalized and dont feel welcome, Hammond explains, that relationship becomes important, because you want them to actually do the heavy lifting of the cognitive work, (and) thats not going to happen if you cant get the student to be in a trusting relationship. Unacknowledged Implicit bias and racial stress have a negative impact on culturally and linguistically diverse students. Its endgame is more cognitive than affective. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Although the former things are important and should be addressed in the classroom, Ms. Hammond was correct in saying that while students may feel more confident about themselves and their culture, their test scores may still be low. The brain uses cultural information to turn everyday happenings into meaningful events.(Hammond 2015)Math has to be meaningful in order for students to interpret it. But true culturally responsive teaching is more complex than that. Zarettas explanations of misconceptions helped me to better understand what Culturally Responsive Teaching is not, which helped me to better understand what it is. Use positive thinking to show what you are proud of in your life. Thank you also for helping educators understand that we play an important role in dismantling the systemic inequities that exist which affect schools capacity to address the needs of diverse students and their ability to build intellectual competence. I was actually wondering which page of the book this quote is found on the celebration of diversity, what we usually see in schools. Research is very clear: feedback is critical in helping students become self-directed learners. The Treaty of Waitangi extends equal status and rights to Mori and Pkeh , which places a particular responsibility on all teachers in New Zealand to promote equitable learning outcomes for Mori and Pkeh. The goal is to get students to turn inert information intousable knowledge. I think educators get caught up in the culture part of culturally responsive teaching, and they mistake the whole thing for antiracist education or multiculturalism. Ms. Hammond, the way you explain CRT was extremely helpful. In education, this looks like black and brown students not having access to rigorous learning, not having proper reading instruction so that over time they fall behind in other classes because the cognitive act of reading makes our brains better prepared for higher level learning and math. Thanks for sharing. We want students to make sense of math. Culturally responsive pedagogy has shown great promise in meeting this need, but many educators still struggle with its implementation. Understanding their differences will help you label the work youve already done and figure out your next steps. I have been immersing myself in this work since last fall and am currently reading CRT and the Brain. I call it the Its a Small World approach, Hammond says. You should include a picture of the flag of the countries and explain what each color and symbol represent. Again, while this kind of teaching is necessary and important, its not the same as culturally responsive teaching, which focuses on learning capacity. I am grateful to Jennifer Gonzalez, for setting up this interview. Ministry of Education (2011), I particularly liked your linking of culture with neuroscience research. Although this is essential, Hammond says, it may not need to be the very first step, because that can delay (or sometimes replace) a shift in instructional practices. Bassey, M. O. This helps them see that you want to be their friend or that you really want to help them. So we recorded my part as well as added in Jessica Jones perspective. What does it mean to you when the child does that? The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships (LogOut/ Or when, the teacher uses students natural cultural learning tools like talk and word play to help them process new content. This level has a strong emotional charge. A tree is a part of a bigger eco-system that shapes and impacts its growth and development. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major cereal and staple food crop worldwide, and its growth and production are affected by several fungal and bacterial phytopathogens.

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